execute a command as another user

-i [command]
            The -i (simulate initial login) option runs the shell specified by the password database
            entry of the target user as a login shell.  This means that login-specific resource files
            such as .profile or .login will be read by the shell.  If a command is specified, it is
            passed to the shell for execution via the shell's -c option.  If no command is specified, an
            interactive shell is executed.  sudo attempts to change to that user's home directory before
            running the shell.  The security policy shall initialize the environment to a minimal set of
            variables, similar to what is present when a user logs in.  The Command Environment section
            in the sudoers(5) manual documents how the -i option affects the environment in which a
            command is run when the sudoers policy is in use.

-P          The -P (preserve group vector) option causes sudo to preserve the invoking user's group
            vector unaltered.  By default, the sudoers policy will initialize the group vector to the
            list of groups the target user is in.  The real and effective group IDs, however, are still
            set to match the target user.

-n          The -n (non-interactive) option prevents sudo from prompting the user for a password.  If a
            password is required for the command to run, sudo will display an error messages and exit.