explainshell.com - sudo %2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmasscan%2Fbin%2Fmasscan %24%28dig %2Bshort example.com %7C grep.1posix -oE %22%5Cb%28%5B0-9%5D%7B1%2C3%7D%5C.%29%7B3%7D%5B0-9%5D%7B1%2C3%7D%5Cb%22 %7C head -1%29 -p0-10001 --rate 1000 --wait 3 2%3E %2Fdev%2Fnull %7C grep -o -P %27%28%3F%3C%3Dport %29.*%28%3F%3D%2F%29%27

%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fmasscan%2Fbin%2Fmasscan %24%28dig %2Bshort example.com %7C -oE %22%5Cb%28%5B0-9%5D%7B1%2C3%7D%5C.%29%7B3%7D%5B0-9%5D%7B1%2C3%7D%5Cb%22 %7C head -1%29 -p0-10001 --rate 1000 --wait 3 2%3E %2Fdev%2Fnull %7C grep -o -P %27%28%3F%3C%3Dport %29.*%28%3F%3D%2F%29%27

execute a command as another user

sudo allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as specified by the
security policy.  The real and effective uid and gid are set to match those of the target user, as
specified in the password database, and the group vector is initialized based on the group database
(unless the -P option was specified).

search a file for a pattern

-E     Match using extended regular expressions. Treat each pattern specified as an ERE, as described  in
       the  Base  Definitions  volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 9.4, Extended Regular Expressions.
       If any entire ERE pattern matches some part of an input line excluding the terminating  <newline>,
       the line shall be matched.  A null ERE shall match every line.