restore(8) - restore files or file systems from backups made with dump
-C     This  mode  allows  comparison  of  files  from a dump.  Restore reads the backup and compares its
       contents with files present on the disk. It first changes its working directory to the root of the
       filesystem  that was dumped and compares the tape with the files in its new current directory. See
       also the -L flag described below.
-i     This mode allows interactive restoration of files from a dump.  After  reading  in  the  directory
       information  from  the  dump, restore provides a shell like interface that allows the user to move
       around the directory tree selecting files to be extracted. The available commands are given below;
       for those commands that require an argument, the default is the current directory.
-P file
       Restore creates a new Quick File Access file file from an existing dump file without restoring its
       contents.
-R     Restore  requests  a particular tape of a multi-volume set on which to restart a full restore (see
       the -r flag below). This is useful if the restore has been interrupted.
-r     Restore (rebuild) a file system. The target file system should be made  pristine  with  mke2fs(8),
       mounted,  and  the  user cd'd into the pristine file system before starting the restoration of the
       initial level 0 backup. If the level 0 restores successfully, the -r flag may be used  to  restore
       any necessary incremental backups on top of the level 0. The -r flag precludes an interactive file
       extraction and can be detrimental to one's health (not to mention the disk) if not used carefully.
       An example:
-t     The names of the specified files are listed if they occur on the backup. If no  file  argument  is
       given,  the  root  directory  is  listed,  which results in the entire content of the backup being
       listed, unless the -h flag has been specified.  Note that the -t flag replaces the function of the
       old dumpdir(8) program.  See also the -X option below.
-x     The  named files are read from the given media. If a named file matches a directory whose contents
       are on the backup and the -h flag is not specified, the directory is  recursively  extracted.  The
       owner,  modification  time, and mode are restored (if possible). If no file argument is given, the
       root directory is extracted, which results in the entire content of the  backup  being  extracted,
       unless the -h flag has been specified.  See also the -X option below.
-a     In  -i  or  -x  mode,  restore  does  ask  the user for the volume number on which the files to be
       extracted are supposed to be (in order to minimise  the  time  by  reading  only  the  interesting
       volumes).  The  -a  option disables this behaviour and reads all the volumes starting with 1. This
       option is useful when the operator does not know on which volume the files  to  be  extracted  are
       and/or when he prefers the longer unattended mode rather than the shorter interactive mode.
-A archive_file
       Read  the  table  of  contents  from archive_file instead of the media. This option can be used in
       combination with the -t, -i, or -x options, making it possible to check whether files are  on  the
       media without having to mount the media.
-b blocksize
       The  number  of  kilobytes  per  dump  record. If the -b option is not specified, restore tries to
       determine the media block size dynamically.
-c     Normally, restore will try to determine  dynamically  whether  the  dump  was  made  from  an  old
       (pre-4.4)  or  new  format file system. The -c flag disables this check, and only allows reading a
       dump in the old format.
-d     The -d (debug) flag causes restore to print debug information.
-D filesystem
       The -D flag allows the user to specify the filesystem name when using restore with the  -C  option
       to check the backup.
-f file
       Read  the  backup  from  file;  file  may  be  a special device file like /dev/st0 (a tape drive),
       /dev/sda1 (a disk drive), an ordinary file, or - (the standard input). If the name of the file  is
       of  the  form  host:file  or  user@host:file, restore reads from the named file on the remote host
       using rmt(8).
-F script
       Run script at the beginning of each tape. The device name and the current volume number are passed
       on  the  command line. The script must return 0 if restore should continue without asking the user
       to change the tape, 1 if restore should continue but ask the user to change the  tape.  Any  other
       exit code will cause restore to abort. For security reasons, restore reverts back to the real user
       ID and the real group ID before running the script.
-h     Extract the actual directory, rather than the files that it references. This prevents hierarchical
       restoration of complete subtrees from the dump.
-H hash_size
       Use a hashtable having the specified number of entries for storing the directories entries instead
       of a linked list. This hashtable will considerably speed up inode lookups (visible  especially  in
       interactive  mode when adding/removing files from the restore list), but at the price of much more
       memory usage. The default value is 1, meaning no hashtable is used.
-k     Use Kerberos authentication when contacting the  remote  tape  server.  (Only  available  if  this
       options was enabled when restore was compiled.)
-l     When  doing  remote restores, assume the remote file is a regular file (instead of a tape device).
       If you're restoring a remote compressed file, you will need to specify this option or restore will
       fail to access it correctly.
-L limit
       The -L flag allows the user to specify a maximal number of miscompares when using restore with the
       -C option to check the backup. If this limit is reached, restore will abort with an error message.
       A value of 0 (the default value) disables the check.
-m     Extract  by  inode  numbers rather than by file name. This is useful if only a few files are being
       extracted, and one wants to avoid regenerating the complete pathname to the file.
-M     Enables the multi-volume feature (for reading dumps made using the -M option of  dump).  The  name
       specified  with  -f is treated as a prefix and restore tries to read in sequence from <prefix>001,
       <prefix>002 etc.
-N     The -N flag causes restore to perform a full execution as requested by one of -i, -R, -r, t  or  x
       command without actually writing any file on disk.
-o     The  -o  flag  causes  restore  to automatically restore the current directory permissions without
       asking the operator whether to do so in one of -i or -x modes.
-Q file
       Use the file file in order to read tape position as stored using the dump Quick File Access  mode,
       in one of -i, -x or -t mode.

       It  is  recommended  to set up the st driver to return logical tape positions rather than physical
       before calling dump/restore with parameter -Q.  Since not all tape devices support  physical  tape
       positions  those tape devices return an error during dump/restore when the st driver is set to the
       default physical setting. Please see the st(4) man page, option MTSETDRVBUFFER , or the mt(1)  man
       page, on how to set the driver to return logical tape positions.

       Before calling restore with parameter -Q, always make sure the st driver is set to return the same
       type of tape position used during the call to dump.  Otherwise restore may be confused.

       This option can be used when restoring from local or remote tapes (see above)  or  from  local  or
       remote files.
-s fileno
       Read from the specified fileno on a multi-file tape. File numbering starts at 1.
-T directory
       The  -T flag allows the user to specify a directory to use for the storage of temporary files. The
       default value is /tmp.  This flag is most useful when restoring files after having booted  from  a
       floppy.  There  might  be little or no space on the floppy filesystem, but another source of space
       might exist.
-u     When creating certain types of files, restore may generate a warning diagnostic  if  they  already
       exist  in the target directory. To prevent this, the -u (unlink) flag causes restore to remove old
       entries before attempting to create new ones.
-v     Normally restore does its work silently. The -v (verbose) flag causes it to type the name of  each
       file it treats preceded by its file type.
-V     Enables reading multi-volume non-tape mediums like CDROMs.
-X filelist
       Read  list  of  files  to  be listed or extracted from the text file filelist in addition to those
       specified on the command line. This can be used in conjunction with the -t  or  -x  commands.  The
       file  filelist  should contain file names separated by newlines.  filelist may be an ordinary file
       or - (the standard input).
-y     Do not ask the user whether to abort the restore in the event of an error.   Always  try  to  skip
       over the bad block(s) and continue.