List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none
of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
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-a, --all
do not ignore entries starting with .
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-A, --almost-all
do not list implied . and ..
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--author
with -l, print the author of each file
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-b, --escape
print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters
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--block-size=SIZE
scale sizes by SIZE before printing them. E.g., `--block-size=M' prints sizes in units of
1,048,576 bytes. See SIZE format below.
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-B, --ignore-backups
do not list implied entries ending with ~
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-c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information) with -l:
show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first
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-C list entries by columns
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--color[=WHEN]
colorize the output. WHEN defaults to `always' or can be `never' or `auto'. More info below
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-d, --directory
list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links
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-D, --dired
generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
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-f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color
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-F, --classify
append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries
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--file-type
likewise, except do not append `*'
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--format=WORD
across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C
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--full-time
like -l --time-style=full-iso
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-g like -l, but do not list owner
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--group-directories-first
group directories before files.
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-G, --no-group
in a long listing, don't print group names
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-h, --human-readable
with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
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--si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
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-H, --dereference-command-line
follow symbolic links listed on the command line
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--dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
follow each command line symbolic link that points to a directory
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--hide=PATTERN
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A)
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--indicator-style=WORD
append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (-p), file-type
(--file-type), classify (-F)
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-i, --inode
print the index number of each file
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-I, --ignore=PATTERN
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
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-k like --block-size=1K
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-l use a long listing format
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-L, --dereference
when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link
references rather than for the link itself
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-m fill width with a comma separated list of entries
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-n, --numeric-uid-gid
like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
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-N, --literal
print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)
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-o like -l, but do not list group information
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-p, --indicator-style=slash
append / indicator to directories
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-q, --hide-control-chars
print ? instead of non graphic characters
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--show-control-chars
show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)
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-Q, --quote-name
enclose entry names in double quotes
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--quoting-style=WORD
use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
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-r, --reverse
reverse order while sorting
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-R, --recursive
list subdirectories recursively
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-s, --size
print the allocated size of each file, in blocks
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-S sort by file size
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--sort=WORD
sort by WORD instead of name: none -U, extension -X, size -S, time -t, version -v
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--time=WORD
with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime -u, access -u, use -u, ctime -c, or
status -c; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time
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--time-style=STYLE
with -l, show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT. FORMAT is
interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files
and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE takes effect only outside
the POSIX locale
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-t sort by modification time, newest first
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-T, --tabsize=COLS
assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
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-u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort by name otherwise:
sort by access time
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-U do not sort; list entries in directory order
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-v natural sort of (version) numbers within text
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-w, --width=COLS
assume screen width instead of current value
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-x list entries by lines instead of by columns
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-X sort alphabetically by entry extension
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-Z, --context
print any SELinux security context of each file
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-1 list one file per line
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--help display this help and exit
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--version
output version information and exit
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