wget(1) - The non-interactive network downloader
wget [option]... [URL]...
Basic Startup Options
    -V
    --version
        Display the version of Wget.
-h
--help
    Print a help message describing all of Wget's command-line options.
-b
--background
    Go to background immediately after startup.  If no output file is specified via the -o, output is
    redirected to wget-log.
-e command
--execute command
    Execute command as if it were a part of .wgetrc.  A command thus invoked will be executed after the
    commands in .wgetrc, thus taking precedence over them.  If you need to specify more than one wgetrc
    command, use multiple instances of -e.
Logging and Input File Options
    -o logfile
    --output-file=logfile
        Log all messages to logfile.  The messages are normally reported to standard error.
-a logfile
--append-output=logfile
    Append to logfile.  This is the same as -o, only it appends to logfile instead of overwriting the old
    log file.  If logfile does not exist, a new file is created.
-d
--debug
    Turn on debug output, meaning various information important to the developers of Wget if it does not
    work properly.  Your system administrator may have chosen to compile Wget without debug support, in
    which case -d will not work.  Please note that compiling with debug support is always safe---Wget
    compiled with the debug support will not print any debug info unless requested with -d.
-q
--quiet
    Turn off Wget's output.
-v
--verbose
    Turn on verbose output, with all the available data.  The default output is verbose.
-nv
--no-verbose
    Turn off verbose without being completely quiet (use -q for that), which means that error messages
    and basic information still get printed.
-i file
--input-file=file
    Read URLs from a local or external file.  If - is specified as file, URLs are read from the standard
    input.  (Use ./- to read from a file literally named -.)

    If this function is used, no URLs need be present on the command line.  If there are URLs both on the
    command line and in an input file, those on the command lines will be the first ones to be retrieved.
    If --force-html is not specified, then file should consist of a series of URLs, one per line.

    However, if you specify --force-html, the document will be regarded as html.  In that case you may
    have problems with relative links, which you can solve either by adding "<base href="url">" to the
    documents or by specifying --base=url on the command line.

    If the file is an external one, the document will be automatically treated as html if the Content-
    Type matches text/html.  Furthermore, the file's location will be implicitly used as base href if
    none was specified.
-F
--force-html
    When input is read from a file, force it to be treated as an HTML file.  This enables you to retrieve
    relative links from existing HTML files on your local disk, by adding "<base href="url">" to HTML, or
    using the --base command-line option.
-B URL
--base=URL
    Resolves relative links using URL as the point of reference, when reading links from an HTML file
    specified via the -i/--input-file option (together with --force-html, or when the input file was
    fetched remotely from a server describing it as HTML). This is equivalent to the presence of a "BASE"
    tag in the HTML input file, with URL as the value for the "href" attribute.

    For instance, if you specify http://foo/bar/a.html for URL, and Wget reads ../baz/b.html from the
    input file, it would be resolved to http://foo/baz/b.html.
--config=FILE
    Specify the location of a startup file you wish to use.
Download Options
    --bind-address=ADDRESS
        When making client TCP/IP connections, bind to ADDRESS on the local machine.  ADDRESS may be
        specified as a hostname or IP address.  This option can be useful if your machine is bound to
        multiple IPs.
-t number
--tries=number
    Set number of retries to number.  Specify 0 or inf for infinite retrying.  The default is to retry 20
    times, with the exception of fatal errors like "connection refused" or "not found" (404), which are
    not retried.
-O file
--output-document=file
    The documents will not be written to the appropriate files, but all will be concatenated together and
    written to file.  If - is used as file, documents will be printed to standard output, disabling link
    conversion.  (Use ./- to print to a file literally named -.)

    Use of -O is not intended to mean simply "use the name file instead of the one in the URL;" rather,
    it is analogous to shell redirection: wget -O file http://foo is intended to work like wget -O -
    http://foo > file; file will be truncated immediately, and all downloaded content will be written
    there.

    For this reason, -N (for timestamp-checking) is not supported in combination with -O: since file is
    always newly created, it will always have a very new timestamp. A warning will be issued if this
    combination is used.

    Similarly, using -r or -p with -O may not work as you expect: Wget won't just download the first file
    to file and then download the rest to their normal names: all downloaded content will be placed in
    file. This was disabled in version 1.11, but has been reinstated (with a warning) in 1.11.2, as there
    are some cases where this behavior can actually have some use.

    Note that a combination with -k is only permitted when downloading a single document, as in that case
    it will just convert all relative URIs to external ones; -k makes no sense for multiple URIs when
    they're all being downloaded to a single file; -k can be used only when the output is a regular file.
-nc
--no-clobber
    If a file is downloaded more than once in the same directory, Wget's behavior depends on a few
    options, including -nc.  In certain cases, the local file will be clobbered, or overwritten, upon
    repeated download.  In other cases it will be preserved.

    When running Wget without -N, -nc, -r, or -p, downloading the same file in the same directory will
    result in the original copy of file being preserved and the second copy being named file.1.  If that
    file is downloaded yet again, the third copy will be named file.2, and so on.  (This is also the
    behavior with -nd, even if -r or -p are in effect.)  When -nc is specified, this behavior is
    suppressed, and Wget will refuse to download newer copies of file.  Therefore, ""no-clobber"" is
    actually a misnomer in this mode---it's not clobbering that's prevented (as the numeric suffixes were
    already preventing clobbering), but rather the multiple version saving that's prevented.

    When running Wget with -r or -p, but without -N, -nd, or -nc, re-downloading a file will result in
    the new copy simply overwriting the old.  Adding -nc will prevent this behavior, instead causing the
    original version to be preserved and any newer copies on the server to be ignored.

    When running Wget with -N, with or without -r or -p, the decision as to whether or not to download a
    newer copy of a file depends on the local and remote timestamp and size of the file.  -nc may not be
    specified at the same time as -N.

    Note that when -nc is specified, files with the suffixes .html or .htm will be loaded from the local
    disk and parsed as if they had been retrieved from the Web.
-c
--continue
    Continue getting a partially-downloaded file.  This is useful when you want to finish up a download
    started by a previous instance of Wget, or by another program.  For instance:
--progress=type
    Select the type of the progress indicator you wish to use.  Legal indicators are "dot" and "bar".

    The "bar" indicator is used by default.  It draws an ASCII progress bar graphics (a.k.a "thermometer"
    display) indicating the status of retrieval.  If the output is not a TTY, the "dot" bar will be used
    by default.

    Use --progress=dot to switch to the "dot" display.  It traces the retrieval by printing dots on the
    screen, each dot representing a fixed amount of downloaded data.

    When using the dotted retrieval, you may also set the style by specifying the type as dot:style.
    Different styles assign different meaning to one dot.  With the "default" style each dot represents
    1K, there are ten dots in a cluster and 50 dots in a line.  The "binary" style has a more
    "computer"-like orientation---8K dots, 16-dots clusters and 48 dots per line (which makes for 384K
    lines).  The "mega" style is suitable for downloading very large files---each dot represents 64K
    retrieved, there are eight dots in a cluster, and 48 dots on each line (so each line contains 3M).

    Note that you can set the default style using the "progress" command in .wgetrc.  That setting may be
    overridden from the command line.  The exception is that, when the output is not a TTY, the "dot"
    progress will be favored over "bar".  To force the bar output, use --progress=bar:force.
-N
--timestamping
    Turn on time-stamping.
--no-use-server-timestamps
    Don't set the local file's timestamp by the one on the server.

    By default, when a file is downloaded, it's timestamps are set to match those from the remote file.
    This allows the use of --timestamping on subsequent invocations of wget. However, it is sometimes
    useful to base the local file's timestamp on when it was actually downloaded; for that purpose, the
    --no-use-server-timestamps option has been provided.
-S
--server-response
    Print the headers sent by HTTP servers and responses sent by FTP servers.
--spider
    When invoked with this option, Wget will behave as a Web spider, which means that it will not
    download the pages, just check that they are there.  For example, you can use Wget to check your
    bookmarks:

            wget --spider --force-html -i bookmarks.html

    This feature needs much more work for Wget to get close to the functionality of real web spiders.
-T seconds
--timeout=seconds
    Set the network timeout to seconds seconds.  This is equivalent to specifying --dns-timeout,
    --connect-timeout, and --read-timeout, all at the same time.

    When interacting with the network, Wget can check for timeout and abort the operation if it takes too
    long.  This prevents anomalies like hanging reads and infinite connects.  The only timeout enabled by
    default is a 900-second read timeout.  Setting a timeout to 0 disables it altogether.  Unless you
    know what you are doing, it is best not to change the default timeout settings.

    All timeout-related options accept decimal values, as well as subsecond values.  For example, 0.1
    seconds is a legal (though unwise) choice of timeout.  Subsecond timeouts are useful for checking
    server response times or for testing network latency.
--dns-timeout=seconds
    Set the DNS lookup timeout to seconds seconds.  DNS lookups that don't complete within the specified
    time will fail.  By default, there is no timeout on DNS lookups, other than that implemented by
    system libraries.
--connect-timeout=seconds
    Set the connect timeout to seconds seconds.  TCP connections that take longer to establish will be
    aborted.  By default, there is no connect timeout, other than that implemented by system libraries.
--read-timeout=seconds
    Set the read (and write) timeout to seconds seconds.  The "time" of this timeout refers to idle time:
    if, at any point in the download, no data is received for more than the specified number of seconds,
    reading fails and the download is restarted.  This option does not directly affect the duration of
    the entire download.

    Of course, the remote server may choose to terminate the connection sooner than this option requires.
    The default read timeout is 900 seconds.
--limit-rate=amount
    Limit the download speed to amount bytes per second.  Amount may be expressed in bytes, kilobytes
    with the k suffix, or megabytes with the m suffix.  For example, --limit-rate=20k will limit the
    retrieval rate to 20KB/s.  This is useful when, for whatever reason, you don't want Wget to consume
    the entire available bandwidth.

    This option allows the use of decimal numbers, usually in conjunction with power suffixes; for
    example, --limit-rate=2.5k is a legal value.

    Note that Wget implements the limiting by sleeping the appropriate amount of time after a network
    read that took less time than specified by the rate.  Eventually this strategy causes the TCP
    transfer to slow down to approximately the specified rate.  However, it may take some time for this
    balance to be achieved, so don't be surprised if limiting the rate doesn't work well with very small
    files.
-w seconds
--wait=seconds
    Wait the specified number of seconds between the retrievals.  Use of this option is recommended, as
    it lightens the server load by making the requests less frequent.  Instead of in seconds, the time
    can be specified in minutes using the "m" suffix, in hours using "h" suffix, or in days using "d"
    suffix.

    Specifying a large value for this option is useful if the network or the destination host is down, so
    that Wget can wait long enough to reasonably expect the network error to be fixed before the retry.
    The waiting interval specified by this function is influenced by "--random-wait", which see.
--waitretry=seconds
    If you don't want Wget to wait between every retrieval, but only between retries of failed downloads,
    you can use this option.  Wget will use linear backoff, waiting 1 second after the first failure on a
    given file, then waiting 2 seconds after the second failure on that file, up to the maximum number of
    seconds you specify.

    By default, Wget will assume a value of 10 seconds.
--random-wait
    Some web sites may perform log analysis to identify retrieval programs such as Wget by looking for
    statistically significant similarities in the time between requests. This option causes the time
    between requests to vary between 0.5 and 1.5 * wait seconds, where wait was specified using the
    --wait option, in order to mask Wget's presence from such analysis.

    A 2001 article in a publication devoted to development on a popular consumer platform provided code
    to perform this analysis on the fly.  Its author suggested blocking at the class C address level to
    ensure automated retrieval programs were blocked despite changing DHCP-supplied addresses.

    The --random-wait option was inspired by this ill-advised recommendation to block many unrelated
    users from a web site due to the actions of one.
--no-proxy
    Don't use proxies, even if the appropriate *_proxy environment variable is defined.
-Q quota
--quota=quota
    Specify download quota for automatic retrievals.  The value can be specified in bytes (default),
    kilobytes (with k suffix), or megabytes (with m suffix).

    Note that quota will never affect downloading a single file.  So if you specify wget -Q10k
    ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/ls-lR.gz, all of the ls-lR.gz will be downloaded.  The same goes even when
    several URLs are specified on the command-line.  However, quota is respected when retrieving either
    recursively, or from an input file.  Thus you may safely type wget -Q2m -i sites---download will be
    aborted when the quota is exceeded.

    Setting quota to 0 or to inf unlimits the download quota.
--no-dns-cache
    Turn off caching of DNS lookups.  Normally, Wget remembers the IP addresses it looked up from DNS so
    it doesn't have to repeatedly contact the DNS server for the same (typically small) set of hosts it
    retrieves from.  This cache exists in memory only; a new Wget run will contact DNS again.

    However, it has been reported that in some situations it is not desirable to cache host names, even
    for the duration of a short-running application like Wget.  With this option Wget issues a new DNS
    lookup (more precisely, a new call to "gethostbyname" or "getaddrinfo") each time it makes a new
    connection.  Please note that this option will not affect caching that might be performed by the
    resolving library or by an external caching layer, such as NSCD.

    If you don't understand exactly what this option does, you probably won't need it.
--restrict-file-names=modes
    Change which characters found in remote URLs must be escaped during generation of local filenames.
    Characters that are restricted by this option are escaped, i.e. replaced with %HH, where HH is the
    hexadecimal number that corresponds to the restricted character. This option may also be used to
    force all alphabetical cases to be either lower- or uppercase.
-4
--inet4-only
-6
--inet6-only
    Force connecting to IPv4 or IPv6 addresses.  With --inet4-only or -4, Wget will only connect to IPv4
    hosts, ignoring AAAA records in DNS, and refusing to connect to IPv6 addresses specified in URLs.
    Conversely, with --inet6-only or -6, Wget will only connect to IPv6 hosts and ignore A records and
    IPv4 addresses.

    Neither options should be needed normally.  By default, an IPv6-aware Wget will use the address
    family specified by the host's DNS record.  If the DNS responds with both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
    Wget will try them in sequence until it finds one it can connect to.  (Also see "--prefer-family"
    option described below.)

    These options can be used to deliberately force the use of IPv4 or IPv6 address families on dual
    family systems, usually to aid debugging or to deal with broken network configuration.  Only one of
    --inet6-only and --inet4-only may be specified at the same time.  Neither option is available in Wget
    compiled without IPv6 support.
--prefer-family=none/IPv4/IPv6
    When given a choice of several addresses, connect to the addresses with specified address family
    first.  The address order returned by DNS is used without change by default.

    This avoids spurious errors and connect attempts when accessing hosts that resolve to both IPv6 and
    IPv4 addresses from IPv4 networks.  For example, www.kame.net resolves to
    2001:200:0:8002:203:47ff:fea5:3085 and to 203.178.141.194.  When the preferred family is "IPv4", the
    IPv4 address is used first; when the preferred family is "IPv6", the IPv6 address is used first; if
    the specified value is "none", the address order returned by DNS is used without change.

    Unlike -4 and -6, this option doesn't inhibit access to any address family, it only changes the order
    in which the addresses are accessed.  Also note that the reordering performed by this option is
    stable---it doesn't affect order of addresses of the same family.  That is, the relative order of all
    IPv4 addresses and of all IPv6 addresses remains intact in all cases.
--retry-connrefused
    Consider "connection refused" a transient error and try again.  Normally Wget gives up on a URL when
    it is unable to connect to the site because failure to connect is taken as a sign that the server is
    not running at all and that retries would not help.  This option is for mirroring unreliable sites
    whose servers tend to disappear for short periods of time.
--user=user
--password=password
    Specify the username user and password password for both FTP and HTTP file retrieval.  These
    parameters can be overridden using the --ftp-user and --ftp-password options for FTP connections and
    the --http-user and --http-password options for HTTP connections.
--ask-password
    Prompt for a password for each connection established. Cannot be specified when --password is being
    used, because they are mutually exclusive.
--no-iri
    Turn off internationalized URI (IRI) support. Use --iri to turn it on. IRI support is activated by
    default.

    You can set the default state of IRI support using the "iri" command in .wgetrc. That setting may be
    overridden from the command line.
--local-encoding=encoding
    Force Wget to use encoding as the default system encoding. That affects how Wget converts URLs
    specified as arguments from locale to UTF-8 for IRI support.

    Wget use the function "nl_langinfo()" and then the "CHARSET" environment variable to get the locale.
    If it fails, ASCII is used.

    You can set the default local encoding using the "local_encoding" command in .wgetrc. That setting
    may be overridden from the command line.
--remote-encoding=encoding
    Force Wget to use encoding as the default remote server encoding.  That affects how Wget converts
    URIs found in files from remote encoding to UTF-8 during a recursive fetch. This options is only
    useful for IRI support, for the interpretation of non-ASCII characters.

    For HTTP, remote encoding can be found in HTTP "Content-Type" header and in HTML "Content-Type
    http-equiv" meta tag.

    You can set the default encoding using the "remoteencoding" command in .wgetrc. That setting may be
    overridden from the command line.
--unlink
    Force Wget to unlink file instead of clobbering existing file. This option is useful for downloading
    to the directory with hardlinks.
Directory Options
    -nd
    --no-directories
        Do not create a hierarchy of directories when retrieving recursively.  With this option turned on,
        all files will get saved to the current directory, without clobbering (if a name shows up more than
        once, the filenames will get extensions .n).
-x
--force-directories
    The opposite of -nd---create a hierarchy of directories, even if one would not have been created
    otherwise.  E.g. wget -x http://fly.srk.fer.hr/robots.txt will save the downloaded file to
    fly.srk.fer.hr/robots.txt.
-nH
--no-host-directories
    Disable generation of host-prefixed directories.  By default, invoking Wget with -r
    http://fly.srk.fer.hr/ will create a structure of directories beginning with fly.srk.fer.hr/.  This
    option disables such behavior.
--protocol-directories
    Use the protocol name as a directory component of local file names.  For example, with this option,
    wget -r http://host will save to http/host/... rather than just to host/....
--cut-dirs=number
    Ignore number directory components.  This is useful for getting a fine-grained control over the
    directory where recursive retrieval will be saved.

    Take, for example, the directory at ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/.  If you retrieve it with -r, it
    will be saved locally under ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/.  While the -nH option can remove the
    ftp.xemacs.org/ part, you are still stuck with pub/xemacs.  This is where --cut-dirs comes in handy;
    it makes Wget not "see" number remote directory components.  Here are several examples of how
    --cut-dirs option works.

            No options        -> ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/
            -nH               -> pub/xemacs/
            -nH --cut-dirs=1  -> xemacs/
            -nH --cut-dirs=2  -> .

                   --cut-dirs=1      -> ftp.xemacs.org/xemacs/
                   ...

           If you just want to get rid of the directory structure, this option is similar to a combination of
           -nd and -P.  However, unlike -nd, --cut-dirs does not lose with subdirectories---for instance, with
           -nH --cut-dirs=1, a beta/ subdirectory will be placed to xemacs/beta, as one would expect.
-P prefix
--directory-prefix=prefix
    Set directory prefix to prefix.  The directory prefix is the directory where all other files and
    subdirectories will be saved to, i.e. the top of the retrieval tree.  The default is . (the current
    directory).
HTTP Options
    --default-page=name
        Use name as the default file name when it isn't known (i.e., for URLs that end in a slash), instead
        of index.html.
-E
--adjust-extension
    If a file of type application/xhtml+xml or text/html is downloaded and the URL does not end with the
    regexp \.[Hh][Tt][Mm][Ll]?, this option will cause the suffix .html to be appended to the local
    filename.  This is useful, for instance, when you're mirroring a remote site that uses .asp pages,
    but you want the mirrored pages to be viewable on your stock Apache server.  Another good use for
    this is when you're downloading CGI-generated materials.  A URL like http://site.com/article.cgi?25
    will be saved as article.cgi?25.html.

    Note that filenames changed in this way will be re-downloaded every time you re-mirror a site,
    because Wget can't tell that the local X.html file corresponds to remote URL X (since it doesn't yet
    know that the URL produces output of type text/html or application/xhtml+xml.

    As of version 1.12, Wget will also ensure that any downloaded files of type text/css end in the
    suffix .css, and the option was renamed from --html-extension, to better reflect its new behavior.
    The old option name is still acceptable, but should now be considered deprecated.

    At some point in the future, this option may well be expanded to include suffixes for other types of
    content, including content types that are not parsed by Wget.
--http-user=user
--http-password=password
    Specify the username user and password password on an HTTP server.  According to the type of the
    challenge, Wget will encode them using either the "basic" (insecure), the "digest", or the Windows
    "NTLM" authentication scheme.

    Another way to specify username and password is in the URL itself.  Either method reveals your
    password to anyone who bothers to run "ps".  To prevent the passwords from being seen, store them in
    .wgetrc or .netrc, and make sure to protect those files from other users with "chmod".  If the
    passwords are really important, do not leave them lying in those files either---edit the files and
    delete them after Wget has started the download.
--no-http-keep-alive
    Turn off the "keep-alive" feature for HTTP downloads.  Normally, Wget asks the server to keep the
    connection open so that, when you download more than one document from the same server, they get
    transferred over the same TCP connection.  This saves time and at the same time reduces the load on
    the server.

    This option is useful when, for some reason, persistent (keep-alive) connections don't work for you,
    for example due to a server bug or due to the inability of server-side scripts to cope with the
    connections.
--no-cache
    Disable server-side cache.  In this case, Wget will send the remote server an appropriate directive
    (Pragma: no-cache) to get the file from the remote service, rather than returning the cached version.
    This is especially useful for retrieving and flushing out-of-date documents on proxy servers.

    Caching is allowed by default.
--no-cookies
    Disable the use of cookies.  Cookies are a mechanism for maintaining server-side state.  The server
    sends the client a cookie using the "Set-Cookie" header, and the client responds with the same cookie
    upon further requests.  Since cookies allow the server owners to keep track of visitors and for sites
    to exchange this information, some consider them a breach of privacy.  The default is to use cookies;
    however, storing cookies is not on by default.
--load-cookies file
    Load cookies from file before the first HTTP retrieval.  file is a textual file in the format
    originally used by Netscape's cookies.txt file.

           You will typically use this option when mirroring sites that require that you be logged in to access
           some or all of their content.  The login process typically works by the web server issuing an HTTP
           cookie upon receiving and verifying your credentials.  The cookie is then resent by the browser when
           accessing that part of the site, and so proves your identity.

           Mirroring such a site requires Wget to send the same cookies your browser sends when communicating
           with the site.  This is achieved by --load-cookies---simply point Wget to the location of the
           cookies.txt file, and it will send the same cookies your browser would send in the same situation.
           Different browsers keep textual cookie files in different locations:

           Netscape 4.x.
               The cookies are in ~/.netscape/cookies.txt.

           Mozilla and Netscape 6.x.
               Mozilla's cookie file is also named cookies.txt, located somewhere under ~/.mozilla, in the
               directory of your profile.  The full path usually ends up looking somewhat like
               ~/.mozilla/default/some-weird-string/cookies.txt.

           Internet Explorer.
               You can produce a cookie file Wget can use by using the File menu, Import and Export, Export
               Cookies.  This has been tested with Internet Explorer 5; it is not guaranteed to work with
               earlier versions.

           Other browsers.
               If you are using a different browser to create your cookies, --load-cookies will only work if you
               can locate or produce a cookie file in the Netscape format that Wget expects.

           If you cannot use --load-cookies, there might still be an alternative.  If your browser supports a
           "cookie manager", you can use it to view the cookies used when accessing the site you're mirroring.
           Write down the name and value of the cookie, and manually instruct Wget to send those cookies,
           bypassing the "official" cookie support:

                   wget --no-cookies --header "Cookie: <name>=<value>"
--save-cookies file
    Save cookies to file before exiting.  This will not save cookies that have expired or that have no
    expiry time (so-called "session cookies"), but also see --keep-session-cookies.
--keep-session-cookies
    When specified, causes --save-cookies to also save session cookies.  Session cookies are normally not
    saved because they are meant to be kept in memory and forgotten when you exit the browser.  Saving
    them is useful on sites that require you to log in or to visit the home page before you can access
    some pages.  With this option, multiple Wget runs are considered a single browser session as far as
    the site is concerned.

    Since the cookie file format does not normally carry session cookies, Wget marks them with an expiry
    timestamp of 0.  Wget's --load-cookies recognizes those as session cookies, but it might confuse
    other browsers.  Also note that cookies so loaded will be treated as other session cookies, which
    means that if you want --save-cookies to preserve them again, you must use --keep-session-cookies
    again.
--ignore-length
    Unfortunately, some HTTP servers (CGI programs, to be more precise) send out bogus "Content-Length"
    headers, which makes Wget go wild, as it thinks not all the document was retrieved.  You can spot
    this syndrome if Wget retries getting the same document again and again, each time claiming that the
    (otherwise normal) connection has closed on the very same byte.

    With this option, Wget will ignore the "Content-Length" header---as if it never existed.
--header=header-line
    Send header-line along with the rest of the headers in each HTTP request.  The supplied header is
    sent as-is, which means it must contain name and value separated by colon, and must not contain
    newlines.

    You may define more than one additional header by specifying --header more than once.

                   wget --header='Accept-Charset: iso-8859-2' \
                        --header='Accept-Language: hr'        \
                          http://fly.srk.fer.hr/

           Specification of an empty string as the header value will clear all previous user-defined headers.

           As of Wget 1.10, this option can be used to override headers otherwise generated automatically.  This
           example instructs Wget to connect to localhost, but to specify foo.bar in the "Host" header:

                   wget --header="Host: foo.bar" http://localhost/

           In versions of Wget prior to 1.10 such use of --header caused sending of duplicate headers.
--max-redirect=number
    Specifies the maximum number of redirections to follow for a resource.  The default is 20, which is
    usually far more than necessary. However, on those occasions where you want to allow more (or fewer),
    this is the option to use.
--proxy-user=user
--proxy-password=password
    Specify the username user and password password for authentication on a proxy server.  Wget will
    encode them using the "basic" authentication scheme.

    Security considerations similar to those with --http-password pertain here as well.
--referer=url
    Include `Referer: url' header in HTTP request.  Useful for retrieving documents with server-side
    processing that assume they are always being retrieved by interactive web browsers and only come out
    properly when Referer is set to one of the pages that point to them.
--save-headers
    Save the headers sent by the HTTP server to the file, preceding the actual contents, with an empty
    line as the separator.
-U agent-string
--user-agent=agent-string
    Identify as agent-string to the HTTP server.

    The HTTP protocol allows the clients to identify themselves using a "User-Agent" header field.  This
    enables distinguishing the WWW software, usually for statistical purposes or for tracing of protocol
    violations.  Wget normally identifies as Wget/version, version being the current version number of
    Wget.

    However, some sites have been known to impose the policy of tailoring the output according to the
    "User-Agent"-supplied information.  While this is not such a bad idea in theory, it has been abused
    by servers denying information to clients other than (historically) Netscape or, more frequently,
    Microsoft Internet Explorer.  This option allows you to change the "User-Agent" line issued by Wget.
    Use of this option is discouraged, unless you really know what you are doing.

    Specifying empty user agent with --user-agent="" instructs Wget not to send the "User-Agent" header
    in HTTP requests.
--post-data=string
--post-file=file
    Use POST as the method for all HTTP requests and send the specified data in the request body.
    --post-data sends string as data, whereas --post-file sends the contents of file.  Other than that,
    they work in exactly the same way. In particular, they both expect content of the form
    "key1=value1&key2=value2", with percent-encoding for special characters; the only difference is that
    one expects its content as a command-line parameter and the other accepts its content from a file. In
    particular, --post-file is not for transmitting files as form attachments: those must appear as
    "key=value" data (with appropriate percent-coding) just like everything else. Wget does not currently
    support "multipart/form-data" for transmitting POST data; only "application/x-www-form-urlencoded".
    Only one of --post-data and --post-file should be specified.

           Please be aware that Wget needs to know the size of the POST data in advance.  Therefore the argument
           to "--post-file" must be a regular file; specifying a FIFO or something like /dev/stdin won't work.
           It's not quite clear how to work around this limitation inherent in HTTP/1.0.  Although HTTP/1.1
           introduces chunked transfer that doesn't require knowing the request length in advance, a client
           can't use chunked unless it knows it's talking to an HTTP/1.1 server.  And it can't know that until
           it receives a response, which in turn requires the request to have been completed -- a chicken-and-
           egg problem.

           Note: if Wget is redirected after the POST request is completed, it will not send the POST data to
           the redirected URL.  This is because URLs that process POST often respond with a redirection to a
           regular page, which does not desire or accept POST.  It is not completely clear that this behavior is
           optimal; if it doesn't work out, it might be changed in the future.

           This example shows how to log to a server using POST and then proceed to download the desired pages,
           presumably only accessible to authorized users:

                   # Log in to the server.  This can be done only once.
                   wget --save-cookies cookies.txt \
                        --post-data 'user=foo&password=bar' \
                        http://server.com/auth.php

                   # Now grab the page or pages we care about.
                   wget --load-cookies cookies.txt \
                        -p http://server.com/interesting/article.php

           If the server is using session cookies to track user authentication, the above will not work because
           --save-cookies will not save them (and neither will browsers) and the cookies.txt file will be empty.
           In that case use --keep-session-cookies along with --save-cookies to force saving of session cookies.
--content-disposition
    If this is set to on, experimental (not fully-functional) support for "Content-Disposition" headers
    is enabled. This can currently result in extra round-trips to the server for a "HEAD" request, and is
    known to suffer from a few bugs, which is why it is not currently enabled by default.

    This option is useful for some file-downloading CGI programs that use "Content-Disposition" headers
    to describe what the name of a downloaded file should be.
--trust-server-names
    If this is set to on, on a redirect the last component of the redirection URL will be used as the
    local file name.  By default it is used the last component in the original URL.
--auth-no-challenge
    If this option is given, Wget will send Basic HTTP authentication information (plaintext username and
    password) for all requests, just like Wget 1.10.2 and prior did by default.

    Use of this option is not recommended, and is intended only to support some few obscure servers,
    which never send HTTP authentication challenges, but accept unsolicited auth info, say, in addition
    to form-based authentication.
--secure-protocol=protocol
    Choose the secure protocol to be used.  Legal values are auto, SSLv2, SSLv3, and TLSv1.  If auto is
    used, the SSL library is given the liberty of choosing the appropriate protocol automatically, which
    is achieved by sending an SSLv2 greeting and announcing support for SSLv3 and TLSv1.  This is the
    default.

    Specifying SSLv2, SSLv3, or TLSv1 forces the use of the corresponding protocol.  This is useful when
    talking to old and buggy SSL server implementations that make it hard for OpenSSL to choose the
    correct protocol version.  Fortunately, such servers are quite rare.
--no-check-certificate
    Don't check the server certificate against the available certificate authorities.  Also don't require
    the URL host name to match the common name presented by the certificate.

    As of Wget 1.10, the default is to verify the server's certificate against the recognized certificate
    authorities, breaking the SSL handshake and aborting the download if the verification fails.
    Although this provides more secure downloads, it does break interoperability with some sites that
    worked with previous Wget versions, particularly those using self-signed, expired, or otherwise
    invalid certificates.  This option forces an "insecure" mode of operation that turns the certificate
    verification errors into warnings and allows you to proceed.

    If you encounter "certificate verification" errors or ones saying that "common name doesn't match
    requested host name", you can use this option to bypass the verification and proceed with the
    download.  Only use this option if you are otherwise convinced of the site's authenticity, or if you
    really don't care about the validity of its certificate.  It is almost always a bad idea not to check
    the certificates when transmitting confidential or important data.
--certificate=file
    Use the client certificate stored in file.  This is needed for servers that are configured to require
    certificates from the clients that connect to them.  Normally a certificate is not required and this
    switch is optional.
--certificate-type=type
    Specify the type of the client certificate.  Legal values are PEM (assumed by default) and DER, also
    known as ASN1.
--private-key=file
    Read the private key from file.  This allows you to provide the private key in a file separate from
    the certificate.
--private-key-type=type
    Specify the type of the private key.  Accepted values are PEM (the default) and DER.
--ca-certificate=file
    Use file as the file with the bundle of certificate authorities ("CA") to verify the peers.  The
    certificates must be in PEM format.

    Without this option Wget looks for CA certificates at the system-specified locations, chosen at
    OpenSSL installation time.
--ca-directory=directory
    Specifies directory containing CA certificates in PEM format.  Each file contains one CA certificate,
    and the file name is based on a hash value derived from the certificate.  This is achieved by
    processing a certificate directory with the "c_rehash" utility supplied with OpenSSL.  Using
    --ca-directory is more efficient than --ca-certificate when many certificates are installed because
    it allows Wget to fetch certificates on demand.

    Without this option Wget looks for CA certificates at the system-specified locations, chosen at
    OpenSSL installation time.
--random-file=file
    Use file as the source of random data for seeding the pseudo-random number generator on systems
    without /dev/random.

    On such systems the SSL library needs an external source of randomness to initialize.  Randomness may
    be provided by EGD (see --egd-file below) or read from an external source specified by the user.  If
    this option is not specified, Wget looks for random data in $RANDFILE or, if that is unset, in
    $HOME/.rnd.  If none of those are available, it is likely that SSL encryption will not be usable.

    If you're getting the "Could not seed OpenSSL PRNG; disabling SSL."  error, you should provide random
    data using some of the methods described above.
--egd-file=file
    Use file as the EGD socket.  EGD stands for Entropy Gathering Daemon, a user-space program that
    collects data from various unpredictable system sources and makes it available to other programs that
    might need it.  Encryption software, such as the SSL library, needs sources of non-repeating
    randomness to seed the random number generator used to produce cryptographically strong keys.

    OpenSSL allows the user to specify his own source of entropy using the "RAND_FILE" environment
    variable.  If this variable is unset, or if the specified file does not produce enough randomness,
    OpenSSL will read random data from EGD socket specified using this option.

    If this option is not specified (and the equivalent startup command is not used), EGD is never
    contacted.  EGD is not needed on modern Unix systems that support /dev/random.
FTP Options
    --ftp-user=user
    --ftp-password=password
        Specify the username user and password password on an FTP server.  Without this, or the corresponding
        startup option, the password defaults to -wget@, normally used for anonymous FTP.

        Another way to specify username and password is in the URL itself.  Either method reveals your
        password to anyone who bothers to run "ps".  To prevent the passwords from being seen, store them in
        .wgetrc or .netrc, and make sure to protect those files from other users with "chmod".  If the
        passwords are really important, do not leave them lying in those files either---edit the files and
        delete them after Wget has started the download.
--no-remove-listing
    Don't remove the temporary .listing files generated by FTP retrievals.  Normally, these files contain
    the raw directory listings received from FTP servers.  Not removing them can be useful for debugging
    purposes, or when you want to be able to easily check on the contents of remote server directories
    (e.g. to verify that a mirror you're running is complete).

    Note that even though Wget writes to a known filename for this file, this is not a security hole in
    the scenario of a user making .listing a symbolic link to /etc/passwd or something and asking "root"
    to run Wget in his or her directory.  Depending on the options used, either Wget will refuse to write
    to .listing, making the globbing/recursion/time-stamping operation fail, or the symbolic link will be
    deleted and replaced with the actual .listing file, or the listing will be written to a
    .listing.number file.

    Even though this situation isn't a problem, though, "root" should never run Wget in a non-trusted
    user's directory.  A user could do something as simple as linking index.html to /etc/passwd and
    asking "root" to run Wget with -N or -r so the file will be overwritten.
--no-glob
    Turn off FTP globbing.  Globbing refers to the use of shell-like special characters (wildcards), like
    *, ?, [ and ] to retrieve more than one file from the same directory at once, like:

            wget ftp://gnjilux.srk.fer.hr/*.msg

    By default, globbing will be turned on if the URL contains a globbing character.  This option may be
    used to turn globbing on or off permanently.

    You may have to quote the URL to protect it from being expanded by your shell.  Globbing makes Wget
    look for a directory listing, which is system-specific.  This is why it currently works only with
    Unix FTP servers (and the ones emulating Unix "ls" output).
--no-passive-ftp
    Disable the use of the passive FTP transfer mode.  Passive FTP mandates that the client connect to
    the server to establish the data connection rather than the other way around.

    If the machine is connected to the Internet directly, both passive and active FTP should work equally
    well.  Behind most firewall and NAT configurations passive FTP has a better chance of working.
    However, in some rare firewall configurations, active FTP actually works when passive FTP doesn't.
    If you suspect this to be the case, use this option, or set "passive_ftp=off" in your init file.
--retr-symlinks
    Usually, when retrieving FTP directories recursively and a symbolic link is encountered, the linked-
    to file is not downloaded.  Instead, a matching symbolic link is created on the local filesystem.
    The pointed-to file will not be downloaded unless this recursive retrieval would have encountered it
    separately and downloaded it anyway.

    When --retr-symlinks is specified, however, symbolic links are traversed and the pointed-to files are
    retrieved.  At this time, this option does not cause Wget to traverse symlinks to directories and
    recurse through them, but in the future it should be enhanced to do this.

    Note that when retrieving a file (not a directory) because it was specified on the command-line,
    rather than because it was recursed to, this option has no effect.  Symbolic links are always
    traversed in this case.
Recursive Retrieval Options
    -r
    --recursive
        Turn on recursive retrieving.    The default maximum depth is 5.
-l depth
--level=depth
    Specify recursion maximum depth level depth.
--delete-after
    This option tells Wget to delete every single file it downloads, after having done so.  It is useful
    for pre-fetching popular pages through a proxy, e.g.:

            wget -r -nd --delete-after http://whatever.com/~popular/page/

    The -r option is to retrieve recursively, and -nd to not create directories.

    Note that --delete-after deletes files on the local machine.  It does not issue the DELE command to
    remote FTP sites, for instance.  Also note that when --delete-after is specified, --convert-links is
    ignored, so .orig files are simply not created in the first place.
-k
--convert-links
    After the download is complete, convert the links in the document to make them suitable for local
    viewing.  This affects not only the visible hyperlinks, but any part of the document that links to
    external content, such as embedded images, links to style sheets, hyperlinks to non-HTML content,
    etc.

           Each link will be changed in one of the two ways:

              The links to files that have been downloaded by Wget will be changed to refer to the file they
               point to as a relative link.

               Example: if the downloaded file /foo/doc.html links to /bar/img.gif, also downloaded, then the
               link in doc.html will be modified to point to ../bar/img.gif.  This kind of transformation works
               reliably for arbitrary combinations of directories.

              The links to files that have not been downloaded by Wget will be changed to include host name and
               absolute path of the location they point to.

               Example: if the downloaded file /foo/doc.html links to /bar/img.gif (or to ../bar/img.gif), then
               the link in doc.html will be modified to point to http://hostname/bar/img.gif.

           Because of this, local browsing works reliably: if a linked file was downloaded, the link will refer
           to its local name; if it was not downloaded, the link will refer to its full Internet address rather
           than presenting a broken link.  The fact that the former links are converted to relative links
           ensures that you can move the downloaded hierarchy to another directory.

           Note that only at the end of the download can Wget know which links have been downloaded.  Because of
           that, the work done by -k will be performed at the end of all the downloads.
-K
--backup-converted
    When converting a file, back up the original version with a .orig suffix.  Affects the behavior of
    -N.
-m
--mirror
    Turn on options suitable for mirroring.  This option turns on recursion and time-stamping, sets
    infinite recursion depth and keeps FTP directory listings.  It is currently equivalent to -r -N -l
    inf --no-remove-listing.
-p
--page-requisites
    This option causes Wget to download all the files that are necessary to properly display a given HTML
    page.  This includes such things as inlined images, sounds, and referenced stylesheets.

           Ordinarily, when downloading a single HTML page, any requisite documents that may be needed to
           display it properly are not downloaded.  Using -r together with -l can help, but since Wget does not
           ordinarily distinguish between external and inlined documents, one is generally left with "leaf
           documents" that are missing their requisites.

           For instance, say document 1.html contains an "<IMG>" tag referencing 1.gif and an "<A>" tag pointing
           to external document 2.html.  Say that 2.html is similar but that its image is 2.gif and it links to
           3.html.  Say this continues up to some arbitrarily high number.

           If one executes the command:

                   wget -r -l 2 http://<site>/1.html

           then 1.html, 1.gif, 2.html, 2.gif, and 3.html will be downloaded.  As you can see, 3.html is without
           its requisite 3.gif because Wget is simply counting the number of hops (up to 2) away from 1.html in
           order to determine where to stop the recursion.  However, with this command:

                   wget -r -l 2 -p http://<site>/1.html

           all the above files and 3.html's requisite 3.gif will be downloaded.  Similarly,

                   wget -r -l 1 -p http://<site>/1.html

           will cause 1.html, 1.gif, 2.html, and 2.gif to be downloaded.  One might think that:

                   wget -r -l 0 -p http://<site>/1.html

           would download just 1.html and 1.gif, but unfortunately this is not the case, because -l 0 is
           equivalent to -l inf---that is, infinite recursion.  To download a single HTML page (or a handful of
           them, all specified on the command-line or in a -i URL input file) and its (or their) requisites,
           simply leave off -r and -l:

                   wget -p http://<site>/1.html

           Note that Wget will behave as if -r had been specified, but only that single page and its requisites
           will be downloaded.  Links from that page to external documents will not be followed.  Actually, to
           download a single page and all its requisites (even if they exist on separate websites), and make
           sure the lot displays properly locally, this author likes to use a few options in addition to -p:

                   wget -E -H -k -K -p http://<site>/<document>

           To finish off this topic, it's worth knowing that Wget's idea of an external document link is any URL
           specified in an "<A>" tag, an "<AREA>" tag, or a "<LINK>" tag other than "<LINK REL="stylesheet">".
--strict-comments
    Turn on strict parsing of HTML comments.  The default is to terminate comments at the first
    occurrence of -->.

           According to specifications, HTML comments are expressed as SGML declarations.  Declaration is
           special markup that begins with <! and ends with >, such as <!DOCTYPE ...>, that may contain comments
           between a pair of -- delimiters.  HTML comments are "empty declarations", SGML declarations without
           any non-comment text.  Therefore, <!--foo--> is a valid comment, and so is <!--one-- --two-->, but
           <!--1--2--> is not.

           On the other hand, most HTML writers don't perceive comments as anything other than text delimited
           with <!-- and -->, which is not quite the same.  For example, something like <!------------> works as
           a valid comment as long as the number of dashes is a multiple of four (!).  If not, the comment
           technically lasts until the next --, which may be at the other end of the document.  Because of this,
           many popular browsers completely ignore the specification and implement what users have come to
           expect: comments delimited with <!-- and -->.

           Until version 1.9, Wget interpreted comments strictly, which resulted in missing links in many web
           pages that displayed fine in browsers, but had the misfortune of containing non-compliant comments.
           Beginning with version 1.9, Wget has joined the ranks of clients that implements "naive" comments,
           terminating each comment at the first occurrence of -->.

           If, for whatever reason, you want strict comment parsing, use this option to turn it on.
Recursive Accept/Reject Options
    -A acclist --accept acclist
    -R rejlist --reject rejlist
        Specify comma-separated lists of file name suffixes or patterns to accept or reject. Note that if any
        of the wildcard characters, *, ?, [ or ], appear in an element of acclist or rejlist, it will be
        treated as a pattern, rather than a suffix.
-D domain-list
--domains=domain-list
    Set domains to be followed.  domain-list is a comma-separated list of domains.  Note that it does not
    turn on -H.
--exclude-domains domain-list
    Specify the domains that are not to be followed.
--follow-ftp
    Follow FTP links from HTML documents.  Without this option, Wget will ignore all the FTP links.
--follow-tags=list
    Wget has an internal table of HTML tag / attribute pairs that it considers when looking for linked
    documents during a recursive retrieval.  If a user wants only a subset of those tags to be
    considered, however, he or she should be specify such tags in a comma-separated list with this
    option.
--ignore-tags=list
    This is the opposite of the --follow-tags option.  To skip certain HTML tags when recursively looking
    for documents to download, specify them in a comma-separated list.

    In the past, this option was the best bet for downloading a single page and its requisites, using a
    command-line like:

                   wget --ignore-tags=a,area -H -k -K -r http://<site>/<document>

           However, the author of this option came across a page with tags like "<LINK REL="home" HREF="/">" and
           came to the realization that specifying tags to ignore was not enough.  One can't just tell Wget to
           ignore "<LINK>", because then stylesheets will not be downloaded.  Now the best bet for downloading a
           single page and its requisites is the dedicated --page-requisites option.
--ignore-case
    Ignore case when matching files and directories.  This influences the behavior of -R, -A, -I, and -X
    options, as well as globbing implemented when downloading from FTP sites.  For example, with this
    option, -A *.txt will match file1.txt, but also file2.TXT, file3.TxT, and so on.
-H
--span-hosts
    Enable spanning across hosts when doing recursive retrieving.
-L
--relative
    Follow relative links only.  Useful for retrieving a specific home page without any distractions, not
    even those from the same hosts.
-I list
--include-directories=list
    Specify a comma-separated list of directories you wish to follow when downloading.  Elements of list
    may contain wildcards.
-X list
--exclude-directories=list
    Specify a comma-separated list of directories you wish to exclude from download.  Elements of list
    may contain wildcards.
-np
--no-parent
    Do not ever ascend to the parent directory when retrieving recursively.  This is a useful option,
    since it guarantees that only the files below a certain hierarchy will be downloaded.